Typhoid fever is an acute illness that includes fever and is caused by the Salmonella typhi bacterium. Salmonellaparatyphi, a similar bacteria that usually results in less severe sickness, can also cause it. The germs are transferred to other persons in the region after a human host leaves dirt in water or food. Typhoid fever is uncommon in developed nations, but it remains a major public health concern in underdeveloped countries.
Most people with typhoid fever feel better within a few days of starting antibiotic treatment. It is possible to vaccinate against typhoid fever, but the vaccines are only partially effective.
Possible symptoms of typhoid fever:
Typhoid has two major symptoms: fever and rash. Typhoid fever is very dangerous, increasing gradually over many days to 104 degrees Fahrenheit (39 to 40 degrees Celsius).
The rash consists of rose-colored patches, mostly on the neck and belly, and does not affect every patient.
1- Weakness
2- Headache
3- Nausea
4- Loss of appetite
5- Abdominal pain
6- Constipation or diarrhea
7- Cough
We recommend you to concerns your doctor in case of any query or disease this article is only for general information and knowledge purpose,
Common causes of typhoid fever:
Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella typhi, a hazardous infection. Salmonella typhi is related to, but not the same that the germs that cause salmonellosis, another severe intestinal illness. The majority of people in developed nations become infected with typhoid insects while overseas.
They can spread the illness to others via the oral and feces route if infected. Infected people pass Salmonella typhi in their feces and even in their pee. Typhoid fever can be contracted by eating food that has been handled by someone who has the disease and has not completely cleansed their hands after using the lavatory. The majority of people sick with typhoid fever in underdeveloped countries get it through contaminated water.
What preventions should you need for typhoid:
Take care of what you drink.
1- Avoid drinking from a tap or a well, and avoid ice cubes, popsicles, and fountain drinks unless you're confident they're produced with bottled or boiling water.
2- Whenever possible, buy bottled drinks (carbonated water is safer than non-carbonated water; make sure bottles are properly sealed).
3- Non-bottled water should be heated for one minute before consumption. Pasteurized milk, hot tea, and hot coffee are safe to consume.
Maintain your meal.
1- If you can't strip the vegetables yourself after cleaning your hands, don't eat them.
2- Never eat from a street seller. Salads and condiments produced with fresh ingredients should be avoided.
3- Eat no raw or rare meats or fish; dishes should be properly cooked and still warm when presented; and only pasteurized dairy products and hard-boiled eggs should be consumed. Avoid wild meat.
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Maintain good hygiene.
1- Wash your hands often, especially after using the restroom and before touching food (if soap and water are available, use it; if not, use a hand sanitizer containing at least 60% alcohol).
2- If you haven't just cleansed your hands, don't touch your face. Avoid direct touch with ill persons
3- If you're unwell, avoid contact with others, wash your hands frequently, and avoid preparing or serving food.
How much time does it take to cure typhoid:
We assume that a typhoid diagnosis has been made using an acceptable approach.
If no treatment is given, then:
By the end of four weeks, up to 90% of patients will have recovered naturally and returned to normal (without the need for medication). Complications such as bleeding from the bowels, holes in the intestines, and so on will occur in 10 to 30% of persons, mainly around week 3 or week 4. In such instances, death is also possible.
For more than 6 months, 10% of patients would harbor the Salmonella bacteria in their bowel and shed it in their stools. Food or water contaminated by such a person's waste might spread the virus to others in their area.
If the right antibiotic is given (one that has been proven to be sensitive, as many bacteria have developed resistance to or decreased sensitivity to several previously used antibiotics):
After the antibiotics are started, the fever will go away by day 4 or day 5 (note that even when the right medications are given, the fever won't go away right away it won't go away for at least 48 hours).
There is very little chance of problems.
Even when the fever has completely subsided, antibiotics must be taken for a specific amount of time (around 5 days) in order to decrease fecal transport and the ensuing transmission.
Some common side effects of typhoid:
It primarily affects the digestive system and, if left untreated, can cause a number of effects. The following list of typhoid fever impacts is common:
Intestinal perforation: Typhoid fever can weaken the intestine's walls in severe cases, which can lead to an opening (perforation) in the intestinal lining. Peritonitis, an almost fatal illness, can result from the leaking of intestine contents into the abdominal cavity as a result of this.
Gastrointestinal bleeding: Typhoid fever can cause ulcers and erosion of the intestinal lining, which can result in gastrointestinal bleeding. This could require medical attention and cause blood to flow through the stools.
Hepatic complications: Typhoid fever can have a negative impact on the liver, resulting in hepatitis or the development of liver abscesses. Jaundice (a yellowing of the skin and eyes), hepatomegaly (an enlarged liver), and reduced liver function are all signs of hepatic problems.
Neurological complications: Rarely, typhoid fever can cause neurological consequences such as encephalitis, which is an inflammation of the brain, meningitis, which is an infection of the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord, or other neurological symptoms. These problems may appear as headaches, disorientation, seizures, or even coma-like signs.
Respiratory problems: Typhoid fever can cause respiratory issues including pneumonia or pleural effusion (an abnormal buildup of fluid around the lungs), however, these are rare. These side effects might result from bacterial infections that develop later on or from a disease spreading.
